Many care leavers face barriers before they even reach the job market. Gaps in qualifications, limited access to training, and fewer opportunities to develop essential employability skills can make it harder to compete for work. Challenges such as limited careers guidance, lack of confidence, and fewer informal networks also affect how prepared young people feel when applying for jobs or attending interviews.

Housing plays a critical role in employment outcomes. Unstable or unsuitable housing, frequent moves, or the risk of homelessness can disrupt routines, affect punctuality, and make it difficult to focus on work or training. The cost of housing and the challenge of securing safe, long-term accommodation often add additional pressure during key transition periods.

Mental health and wellbeing underpin every stage of the employment journey. Experiences of trauma, stress, or instability can affect confidence, motivation, and resilience. Access to timely, appropriate mental health support is essential to help care leavers manage challenges, build self-belief, and sustain positive outcomes in education, training, and employment.